TAG QUESTIONS

A question tag or tag question is a grammatical structure in which a declarative statement or an imperative is turned into a question by adding an interrogative fragment (the "tag"). The term "question tag" is generally preferred by British grammarians, while their American counterparts prefer "tag question"

EXAMPLE

Mark is in his house. Isn´t he?

He read this book, didn't he?

PASSIVE VOICE (PAST)

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

GRAMMAR

OBJECT + WAS WERE + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMET

EXAMPLE

ACTIVE: She sang a song

PASSIVE: A song was sung by her

ACTIVE: I bought a car

PASSIVE: The car was bought by me

VOICE PASSIVE IN PRESENT

Is called passive because the subject receives an action that makes someone or something that is now called circumstantial complement.

GRAMMAR

OBJECT + VERB TO BE + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + PRONOUN

To change active voice to passive voice

First I must identify the subject, the verb and the direct object.



example:

active:I kiss my dog

passive:The dog is kissed by me

example:

active: Tom writes a letter

passive: The letter is written by Tom

PAST PERFECT

GRAMMAR
SUBJECT + HAD + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT


AFFIRMATIVE

for example:

• I HAD DRIVEN A CAR
  
• SHE HAD RIDDEN A HORSE
  
• WE HAD RUN IN THE PARK

NEGATIVE

SUBJECT + HADN´T + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

• SHE HADN`T BOUGHT THE DOG
  
• YOU HADN`T TORN THE GLASS
  
• HE HADN´T WORN CLOTHES PINK

QUESTION


HAD+SUBJECT + VERB PAST PARTICIPLE + COMPLEMENT

• HAD YOU BROKEN THE GLASS?
  
  NO YOU HADN´T / YES, YOU HAD
  
  
• HAD SHE WON THE BED?
  NO SHE HADN´T / YES, SHE HAD
  
  
• HAD I BEGUN MY HOMEWORK?
  
  NO I HADN´T / YES, I HAD

SECOND CONDITIONAL

GRAMMAR

example

if she was (be)rich she wouldn^t work(not work)any more




they would travel(travel) around the world,if they had (have) a lot money



if i asked (ask) you ,would you help me?

RELATIVE CLAUSUALES (WHO,WHICH,THAT)

WHO... FOR PEOPLE

I MET A WOMAN. SHE CAN SPEAK SIX LENGUAJES.
I MET A WOMAN . WHO CAN SPEAK SIX LENGUAJES.

THAT... IS FOR THINGS AND SOMETIMES PEOPLE

CARLOS WAS WEARING A HAT IT WAS TOO BIG FOR HIM.
CARLOS WAS WEARING A HAT THAT WAS TOO BIG FOR HIM.



WHICH ... IS ONLY FOR THINGS


DANIEL LIVES IN A HOUSE IT IS 100 YEAR OLD.
DANIEL LIVES IN A HOUSE WHICH IS 100 YEARS OLD.

third conditional

GRAMMAR

if + person+present perfect (had) + verb pastparticiple + complemet, person+ would could might + present perfect (have)+ verb past participle + complement

example:

• IF I HADN`T GONE (GO) PARTY I WOULD HAVE STUDIED (STUDY) FOR MY EXAM.

• SHE WOULDN`T HAVE PLAYED (PLAY)IN THE TABLE IF SHE HADN´T BROKEN (BROKE) THE GLASS

• IF HE HAD KNOWN (KNOW) ABOUT THE TRIP WOULD HAVE BEEN (BE) FORIUS.